Synthesis, localization and biological effects of melatonin on intact and diseased intestine

DÍAZ DE BARBOZA, GABRIELA; TALAMONI, GERMÁN; PERALTA LÓPEZ, MARÍA ELENA; KOHAN, ROMINA; COLLIN, ALEJANDRO; TOLOSA DE TALAMONI, NORI; PICOTTO, GABRIELA; ARECO, VANESA

Melatonin: Production, Functions and Benefits

Nova Science Publishers, Inc.

Lugar: Nueva York; Año: 2020; p. 1 - 26

Melatonin (MEL) content in the intestine is highly concentrated. It is synthesized by the enterochromaffin cells. The highest levels of MEL have been detected in the rectum and the colon. The plasma membrane MEL receptors, named MT1, MT2 and MT3, have been found in the gut from rodents. MEL and the intestinal microbiota have a bidirectional communication. MEL secretion seems to be related to food, light, and aging among others. MEL exerts beneficial effects on the gut functions. There is also some evidence that MEL could be useful for treatment or co-treatment of intestinal diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease and some types of colon cancer.