Characterization Alkaline Proteolytic Enzyme from de-oiled Sparus aurata L. Viscera Obtained by Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, Mechanical and n-hexane Extraction as a Comparative Study

DANIELA LAMAS

Journal of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences

AMERICAN RESEARCH INSTITUTE

Lugar: New York; Año: 2015 vol. 4 p. 8 - 17

2334-2404

The oil in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata L.) was extracted using anenvironmental friendly solvent, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) at a flowextraction process, pressure mechanical and an n-hexane solvent extraction. The SC-CO2 extraction was carriedout at temperature 45 °C and 25 MPa of pressure. The flow rate of CO2 (10Kg/h) was constant at the entire extractionperiod of 240 min. The extracted residues after oil extraction was used foractivity measurement of digestive enzymes. In addition, an untreated visceracrude portion was used as a control.Crudeprotein extract exhibited its maximal activity at pH 8 and 60ªC of temperatureusing azocaseín as a substrate. Results relative to the substrate specificBAPNA, indicated that a protease recovery was a trypsin like enzyme. All methods achieved higher activity than crude extract. The supercritical fluid extraction was found to be thebest for the partial purification of protein phase and retains the highest proteolytic activity. Mechanical extraction wasfound to be the slightest protein recovery method. Stability resultsobtained have shown the great potential of thesespecific compounds for use as nutraceuticals or as ingredients for functionalfoods. In addition, the stability against surfactants suggests that thisenzyme can be incorporated as an ingredient in detergent formulations.