Ectomycorrhizal Fungi in South America: Their Diversity in Past, Present and Future Research

NOUHRA E; PALFNER, GÖTZ; KUHAR, FRANCISCO; PASTOR N.; SMITH MATTHEW

Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America

SPRINGER

Año: 2019; p. 73 - 95

This chapter compiles data on various aspects of ectomycorrhizal fungal taxaresearch, carried out in South America since the first studies in the early 1900.Early research was achieved by foreign mycologists and the development ofthe first biological research centers in the region. The diversity of fungal taxaand data on the associated plant hosts and ecosystems are described based onbiological and phytogeographic characteristics. Most publications on the topicwere revised, the ectomycorrhizal lineages registered and species richnessestimated based on fruiting bodies records and sequence data, derived from roottips of ectomycorrhizal hosts as well as OTU sequences from metabarcodinganalysis. The review compiles previous and recent data for various areas ofinterest along the Andes, Guiana, Amazonian basin and the northeastern coastof South America. Additional research aspects such as physiology, cellularbiology, chemistry, chemotaxonomy and mycosociology are briefly addressed.