NEONATAL, PLACENTAL AND UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD PARAMETERS ALTERATIONS IN PREGNANT WOMEN RESIDING IN AREAS WITH INTENSIVE PESTICIDE APPLICATION

QUINTANA MARIA MARTA; RIVERO-OSIMANI VALERIA; VALDEZ SUSANA; VERA BERTA; GUIÑAZÚ NATALIA

Buenos Aires

Congreso; LV Reunión de la Sociedad Latinoamericana de Investigación Pediátrica (SLAIP 2017); 2017

Sociedad Latinoamericana de Investigación Pediátrica

Living in pesticide application areas in the High Valley of Rio Negro and Neuquén provinces is a xenobiotic exposure risk factor. Taking into consideration that prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides (OP) may have health consequences; the objective was to evaluate in a pesticide environmental exposure scenario, placenta and umbilical cord blood (UBC) alterations.After applying exclusion criteria and informed consent, placenta and UCB samples were collected from a non-exposed (CG; n = 20) and a rural (RG; n = 58) group. Samples were collected during pesticide spraying season (RG-SS) and non-spraying season (RG-NSS). Progesterone (PG) levels and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression were analyzed in the placenta, while antioxidant enzyme activities and genotoxic damage were analyzed in UCB. Neonate anthropometric data were obtained and possible associations between biochemical variables and fetal growth indicators were investigated.In the placenta, the determination of the exposure biomarker carboxylesterase indicated OF exposure of RG-SS compared to CG (17%; p ˂0,05). PG showed lower concentration levels in RG (NSS and SS) with respect to CG, with a greater statistical significance in RGSS (p˂0.05). eNOS expression was decreased in RG compared to CG (p˂0.001).In UCB, erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase activity was determined, which did not show significant differences between the groups. However, it was observed that SOD activity was lower in RG-SS vs. CG (p˂0.01) with a concomitant increase in genotoxic damage (p˂0.026) and changes in erythrocyte globular resistance (p˂0.05). The neonate anthropometric parameters, height, cephalic perimeter and gestational age, as well as placental weight were similar among the three groups. However, in RG-SS neonate weight was an 11%significantly lower than in CG (p