In-plane permeability characterization of engineering textiles based on radial flow experiments: A benchmark exercise

MAY, D.; AKTAS, A.; ADVANI, S.G.; BERG, D.C.; ENDRUWEIT, A.; FAUSTER, E.; LOMOV, S.V.; LONG, A.; MITSCHANG, P.; ABAIMOV, S.; ABLIZ, D.; AKHATOV, I.; ALI, M.A.; ALLEN, T.D.; BICKERTON, S.; BODAGHI, M.; CAGLAR, B.; CAGLAR, H.; CHIMINELLI, A.; CORREIA, N.; COSSON, B.; DANZI, M.; DITTMANN, J.; ERMANNI, P.; FRANCUCCI, G.; GEORGE, A.; GRISHAEV, V.; HANCIOGLU, M.; KABACHI, M.A.; KIND, K.; DELÉGLISE-LAGARDÈRE, M.; LASPALAS, M.; LEBEDEV, O.V.; LIZARANZU, M.; LIOTIER, P.-J.; MIDDENDORF, P.; MORÁN, J.; PARK, C.-H.; PIPES, R.B.; PUCCI, M.F.; RAYNAL, J.; RODRIGUEZ, E.S.; SCHLEDJEWSKI, R.; SCHUBNEL, R.; SHARP, N.; SIMS, G.; SOZER, E.M.; SOUSA, P.; THOMAS, J.; UMER, R.; WIJAYA, W.; WILLENBACHER, B.; YONG, A.; ZAREMBA, S.; ZIEGMANN, G.

COMPOSITES. PART A, APPLIED SCIENCE AND MANUFACTURING

ELSEVIER SCI LTD

Año: 2019 vol. 121 p. 100 - 114

1359-835X

Although good progress was made by two international benchmark exercises on in-plane permeability, existing methods have not yet been standardized. This paper presents the results of a third benchmark exercise using in-plane permeability measurement, based on systems applying the radial unsaturated injection method. 19 participants using 20 systems characterized a non-crimp and a woven fabric at three different fiber volume contents, using a commercially available silicone oil as impregnating fluid. They followed a detailed characterization procedure and also completed a questionnaire on their set-up and analysis methods. Excluding outliers (2 of 20), the average coefficient of variation (cv) between the participant?s results was 32% and 44% (non-crimp and woven fabric), while the average cv for individual participants was 8% and 12%, respectively. This indicates statistically significant variations between the measurement systems. Cavity deformation was identified as a major influence, besides fluid pressure/viscosity measurement, textile variations, and data analysis