INVESTIGADORES
MONTEMARTINI pablo Ezequiel
artículos
Título:
Physical and water aging of glass-fiber reinforced plastic pipes
Autor/es:
A. STOCCHI; A.PELLICANO; J.P. ROSSI; C.BERNAL; P.E.MONTEMARTINI
Revista:
Composite Interfaces
Editorial:
Brill Academic Publisher
Referencias:
Lugar: Londres; Año: 2006 vol. 13 p. 685 - 697
ISSN:
0927-6440
Resumen:
AbstractPhysical and water aging of glass/epoxy composite GFRE pipes used for oil
transport were investigated with special emphasis on their effect on the flexural and impact behavior.
Different aging conditions were selected in order to simulate in-service environments trying to obtain
reliable results from accelerated laboratory tests. In water uptake experiments at 80◦C, the mass
increases continuously, suggesting that an irreversible process occurs. In addition, samples aged in air
at 80◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
increases continuously, suggesting that an irreversible process occurs. In addition, samples aged in air
at 80◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
transport were investigated with special emphasis on their effect on the flexural and impact behavior.
Different aging conditions were selected in order to simulate in-service environments trying to obtain
reliable results from accelerated laboratory tests. In water uptake experiments at 80◦C, the mass
increases continuously, suggesting that an irreversible process occurs. In addition, samples aged in air
at 80◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
increases continuously, suggesting that an irreversible process occurs. In addition, samples aged in air
at 80◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
Physical and water aging of glass/epoxy composite GFRE pipes used for oil
transport were investigated with special emphasis on their effect on the flexural and impact behavior.
Different aging conditions were selected in order to simulate in-service environments trying to obtain
reliable results from accelerated laboratory tests. In water uptake experiments at 80◦C, the mass
increases continuously, suggesting that an irreversible process occurs. In addition, samples aged in air
at 80◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
increases continuously, suggesting that an irreversible process occurs. In addition, samples aged in air
at 80◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
◦C, the mass
increases continuously, suggesting that an irreversible process occurs. In addition, samples aged in air
at 80◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
◦C exhibit a DSC endothermic peak that can be related to physical aging. The calorimetric curve
for specimens water aged at 80◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
◦C shows combined effects of water absorption and physical aging.
On the other hand, while the independent effect of temperature and water aging on the composites
mechanical response is only moderate, their combined effect seems to be dramatic. This result is
mostly attributed to the weakening of the fibermatrix interface induced by the water aging at high
temperature, which consequently affects flexural and impact properties. SEM observations confirm
the irreversible damage observed in water uptake experiments. Good interfacial adhesion between
fiber glass and epoxy resin is observed for unaged specimens, whereas completely clean fibers are seen
for specimens water aged at 80◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
a result of this aging condition.
◦C, indicating that the fibermatrix interface is completely removed as
a result of this aging condition.
Keywords: Glass-reinforced plastics; composite pipes; physical aging; mechanical properties.: Glass-reinforced plastics; composite pipes; physical aging; mechanical properties.