INVESTIGADORES
GORLA David Eladio
capítulos de libros
Título:
Control strategies against Triatominae
Autor/es:
GORLA DE; PONCE C; DUJARDIN JP; SCHOFIELD CJ
Libro:
American Trypanosomiasis Chagas Disease
Editorial:
Elsevier
Referencias:
Año: 2010; p. 233 - 245
Resumen:
Control of Triatominae (Hemiptera, Reduviidae) is a primary component of
strategies to halt the transmission of Chagas disease, along with
serological screening of blood donors to reduce the likelihood of
transmission through infected blood transfusions. In the early 1990s, an
estimated 80% of Chagas disease cases were attributed to transmission
from triatomine vectors (Schofield, 1994). Since 1991, a series of
multinational initiatives have focused on elimination of the domestic
vector populations throughout the endemic areas of Latin America.
Largely as a result of these initiatives, transmission rates have been
steadily reduced, with corresponding reductions in infection prevalence.
Current estimates suggest that around 7 million people are infected,
down from the 1984 estimate of 24 million (Walsh, 1984); annual
transmission rates are probably fewer than 50,000 new cases per year
(OPS, 2006; Schofield and Kabayo, 2008). The geographical distribution
of domestic vector populations has been drastically reduced, especially
Triatoma infestans in Southern Cone countries and Rhodnius prolixus in
Central America. Uruguay, Chile, and Brazil, together with several
provinces and departments of Argentina and Paraguay, have been formally
declared free of transmission due to T. infestans, and Guatemala has
recently been declared free of transmission due to R. prolixus. In
addition, there has been steady progress in blood donor screening, with
coverage now approaching 100% in most of the endemic countries (Schmunis
and Cruz, 2005).