Gorla DE, Noireau F. 2010. Chapter 9. Geographic distribution of Triatominae vectors in America.

GORLA DE

American Trypanosomiasis: Chagas Disease. Ed. M. Tybairenc.

J. Wiley & Sons

Año: 2010; p. 209 - 231

At present, some 140 species are grouped in the subfamily Triatominae. The number of valid species in this subfamily is mainly based on the revision by Lent and Wygodzinsky, (1979) and was later updated by Galva˜o et al. (2003). The subfamily has slightly increased since the description of new taxa, including Belminus corredori, Belminus ferroae, Panstrongylus mitarakaensis, Triatoma boliviana, and Triatoma juazeirensis (Galva˜o and Angulo, 2006; Be´renger and Blanchet, 2007; Costa and Felix, 2007; Martinez et al., 2007; Sandoval et al., 2007). Most triatomine species (B125) occur exclusively in the New World, between latitude 42
N (northeast of the USA) and 46
S (Argentine Patagonia) (Carcavallo et al., 1999). One species (Triatoma rubrofasciata) is widespread according to reports from port areas, both in the New World (mainly northeast Brazil) and in many tropical regions of Asia and Africa (Schofield and Galva˜o, 2009). Seven species of Triatoma and six species of the genus Linshcosteus are known to exist only in Asia and India, respectively (Lent and Wygodzinsky, 1979; Galva˜o et al., 2003). Some authors suggest that the Old World species are derived from T. rubrofasciata and transported from North America, associated with rats on sailing ships (Gorla et al., 1997b; Patterson et al., 2001; Hypsa et al., 2002; Schofield and Galva˜o, 2009).