NICHE MODELLING SUPPORTS THE ORIGIN OF PEANUT IN THE ORCHARDS OF ANCIENT INHABITANTS

GUILLERMO SEIJO; LAURA PEREZ; MORENO SARA; CHALUP LAURA; SEBASTIÁN SAMOLUK; GERMAN ROBLEDO; SOLIS NEFFA VIVIANA

Conferencia; NINETH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE PEANUT RESEARCH COMMUNITY; 2017

NICHE MODELLING SUPPORTS THE ORIGIN OF PEANUT IN THE ORCHARDS OF ANCIENT INHABITANTSGuillermo Seijo1, 2, Laura Pérez1,3, Sara Moreno1, Laura Chalup1, S. Samoluk1, Germán Robledo1, 2, Viviana Solís Neffa1, 21 Instituto de botánica del Nordeste (UNNE- CONICET). 2Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, 3Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias, Universidad Nacional del Nordeste, Corrientes, ArgentinaCorresponding Author: Guillermo Seijo E-mail: seijo@agr.unne.edu.arArachis duranensis (A genome) and A. ipaënsis (B genome) are, respectively, the maternal and paternal diploid genome donors of peanut and A. monticola (4x, AABB). Two hypotheses were proposed concerning the scenario of the origin of tetraploids, 1) spontaneous hybridization in natural environments, for which sympatric distribution of diploid parents is needed and, 2) ancient people used, moved and cultivated wild species, giving a chance to the progenitors of peanut to get in sympatry in their orchards. The only one known population of A. ipaënsis lives at the north limit of A. duranensis distribution, but the former species lives in an unexpected environment far from its phylogenetically closest species (A. magna) and from any of the other species with the B genome. In this work we modeled the present and past (22000 YBP,LMG) species distributions to test the natural occurrence of A. duranensis in sympatry with any of the B genome species. All the known localities for A. duranensis, and all the B genome species (excluding A. ipaënsis) were included in the analysis. Modelling evidenced that it is largely improbable that any of the B genome species would be sympatrically distributed with A. duranensis at present. In the past, and considering only the points for A. magna, there is a low probability (0 - 25%) that this species overlapped with A. duranensis in a restricted area in the South of Bolivia. This probability decreased to cero when all the B genome species were considered in the analysis. Although our results are not conclusive, the analysis here performed added data to support an anthropic influence in the origin of peanut.