Contaminación del aire en Centros Urbanos

PULIAFITO, ENRIQUE, ; PULIAFITO, C.; QUERO, J.L.

Buenos Aires

Congreso; Segundo Congreso Mundial de Educación Internacional, Integración y Desarrollo: Aprendiendo a vivir juntos; 1999

UNESCO UADE

Many cities in the world faces an increasing air pollution due to mobile and fixed sources. Mendoza is a western Argentine city of about 900.000 inhabitants in the east side of the Andes. Due to its meteorological and orographic conditions, this city has a high level of pollution specially in total suspended particles (TSP), nitrogen dioxide and hydrocarbons. These investigation has focused its work to determine the main contribution of mobile and fixed sources. The main problem was to elaborate an emission cataster of both types of sources. The following steps resume the main tasks: 1) to implement a geographical information system (GIS) for model calculations. 2) to prepare a industrial inventory 3) to calculate the vehicular fluxes 4) to monitor and gather the relevant meteorological and principal contaminants (O3, NOx, NO2, CO, particles) data. 5) to use the dispersion models 6)to calibrate the output data against the principal measurements. This study has prepared regional maps containing the immision values of air contaminants for the city of Mendoza. In the main central area of the city of Mendoza, vehicles are responsible for 66 % of the NOx and TSP immisions and more than 90% of the CO and hydrocarbons. In contrary SO2 comes mainly from the refinery in the southern part of the city