Optimización del tratamiento integrado de residuos urbanos y rurales potenciando la valorización energética

LORENZÓN, AGUSTINA BELÉN; MORERO, BETZABET; CAFARO, DIEGO C.

Congreso; 6° Congreso Argentino de Ingeniería (CADI) y 12° Congreso Argentino de Enseñanza de Ingeniería (CAEDI); 2022

Solid waste management is akey element for sustainable development and its relevance is increased with the populationgrowth, the urbanization and the generation of wealth. In regions of agricultural-livestockproductive development, it is interesting to analyze the integratedmanagement of waste derived from these industries and from urban areas, takingadvantage of the energetic potential of wastes. This work presents amathematical model that optimizes the design and operation of  processes to treat the organic fraction ofmunicipal solid waste and the waste coming from feedlots, considering differenttreatment alternatives: anaerobic digestion, composting, landfills and aeratedlagoons. A mixed integer quadratically constrained formulation (MIQCP) isproposed to maximize the net present value of the investments in the wastetreatment network over a 20-year time horizon. In addition, the model allowsdefining the location of the plants, the size of the facilities and theurban/feedlot waste ratio for each piece of equipment, taking advantage ofco-processing. The model has been evaluated in a real-world scenario comprising10 cities and 16 feedlot facilities located in the General Obligado departmentof the Province of Santa Fe, Argentina. Results indicate that anaerobicdigestion represents the most profitable alternative, obtaining a positive netpresent value for an investment that includes 4 treatment facilities with atotal of 8 anaerobic digesters.