Genomic affinity in hybrids of B-genome Arachis species: new genetic resources towards peanut improvement

ALEJANDRA VANINA GARCÍA; MARÍA CELESTE SILVESTRI; MELINA ANTONELLA VANDECAVEYE; CUSTODIO, A. R.; MORETZSOHN, M. C.; GRACIELA INÉS LAVIA

CROP BREEDING AND APPLIED BIOTECHNOLOGY

BRAZILIAN SOC PLANT BREEDING

Año: 2021 vol. 21

1518-7853

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important oilseed crop and foodlegume that is highly susceptible to biotic and abiotic factors. Wild Arachis species represent useful genetic resources because of their resistance to pests anddiseases. In particular, understanding the affinity between B-genome species isimportantfor broadening the genetic base of A. hypogaea (AABB genome), sinceonly one population of A. ipaënsis is known, and relatively few other specieshave been described. Therefore, we aimed to determine the genomic affinitybetween A. ipaënsis and A. williamsii by developing hybrids. Microsatellitemarkers verified the hybrid status, and chromosome pairing and pollen viabilityresults revealed that the species share high genomic affinity. Additionally, thepresence of dyads detected in sporad and pollen analyses indicated the production of 2n gametes. These results will be useful for performing evolutionarystudies and developing strategies for introgression programs to improve the Bgenome of A. hypogaea