Pulmonary Neutrophilic Inflammation and Noncommunicable Diseases: Pathophysiology, Redox Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Therapeutics

RAMIREZ, DARIO C.; GOMEZ MEJIBA, SANDRA E.

ANTIOXIDANTS & REDOX SIGNALING

MARY ANN LIEBERT INC

Año: 2020 vol. 33 p. 211 - 227

1523-0864

ABSTRACTSIGNIFICANCE: NEUROPHILIC PULMONARY INFLAMMATION (PNI) IS THE HOMMING ANDACTIVATION OF NEUTROPHIL WITH DAMAGE TO THE MICROVASCULATURE. THIS PROCESSIS INVOLVED IN PULMONARY DAMAGE IN PATIENTS EXPOSED TO AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS(EXOGENOUS STRESSORS) AND ALSO TO SYSTEMIC INFLAMMATION/OXIDATIVE STRESS(ENDOGENOUS STRESSORS)-ASSOCIATED TO NON-COMMUNICABLE DISEASES (NCD).RECENT ADVANCES: PNI IS AN IMPORTANT TRIGGER OF THE EARLY ONSET ANDPROGRESSION OF NCD IN SUSCEPTIBLE PATIENTS EXPOSED TO AIRBORNE POLLUTANTS.IRRITATION OF THE LUNG MICROVASCULATURE BY EXOGENOUS AND ENDOGENOUSSTRESSORS CAUSES PNI. CIRCULATING ENDOGENOUS STRESSORS IN NCD CAN CAUSE PNI.CRITICAL ISSUES: AIR POLLUTION-TRIGGERED PNI CAUSE INCREASED CIRCULATINGENDOGENOUS STRESSORS THAT CAN TRIGGER NCD IN SUSCEPTIBLE PATIENTS. SYSTEMICINFLAMMATION/OXIDATIVE STRESS ASSOCIATED TO NCD CAN CAUSE PNI.INFLAMMATION/END-OXIDATION PRODUCTS OF MACROMOLECULES ARE ALSOPOTENTIAL BIOMARKERS AND THERAPEUTIC TARGETS FOR NCD-TRIGGERED PNI AND PNITRIGGERED NCD.FUTURE DIRECTIONS: UNDERSTANDING THE MOLECULAR MECHANISM OF PNI TRIGGEREDBY EXOGENOUS OR ENDOGENOUS STRESSORS WILL HELP EXPLAINING THE EARLY ONSETOF NCD IN SUSCEPTIBLE PATIENTS EXPOSED TO AIR POLLUTION. IT CAN ALSO HELPUNDERCOVER BIOMARKERS AND MECHANISM-BASED THERAPEUTIC TARGETS IN AIRPOLLUTANT-TRIGGERED PNI, PNI-TRIGGERED NCD AND NCD-TRIGGERED PNI.