Efectos del insecticida carbarilo sobre biomarcadores en juveniles de trucha arcoiris (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

ANA FERRARI; ANDRÉS VENTURINO; ANA M PECHÉN DE D'ANGELO

Segundo Libro SETAC Latinoamericana: ?Salud Ambiental y Humana: Una Visión Holística?

Sociedad de Toxicología y Química Ambiental Latino Americana (SETAC-LA), perteneciente a SETAC PRESS (Society of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry)

Lugar: Buenos Aires; Año: 2006 vol. 1 p. 118 - 121

The high application rate of pesticides against fruit tree pests in Río Negro and NeuquénValley produces an important impact on the present organisms from neighbor ecosystems. Among carbamates, the most used is the insecticide carbaryl. It acts by inhibiting acetylcholinesterase activity but affects others secondary targets that could be used as biomarkers. The effect of carbaryl on esterases, catalase (CAT) and glutathione transferase (GST) activity, GSH content, levels of heat shock proteins (HSP 70), cytochrome P450 (CYP1A) and protein phosphorylation was evaluated. Juvenile O. mykiss (1.8 g />1.8 g ± 0.7) were exposed 24 to 96 h to carbaryl 1 and 3 mg/L. Esterases were significantly inhibited. Hepatic and renal GSH content was significantly diminished after 96h exposure to carbaryl. CAT activity increased after 24 and 48 h and decreased after 96h. CYP1A was inducted. HSP 70 levels were not affected but nuclear protein phosphorylation patterns were modified. The results show that carbaryl, besides esterases activities, affects biotransformation mechanisms and antioxidant status. The simultaneous GSH depletion and CAT activity decrease affects cellular antioxidant capacity. The induction of CYP1A and GST may be related to the ability of carbaryl to act as a weak Ah-R (dioxin) ligand. The alteration in phosphorylation patterns point out modifications in cellular signaling with effects in cellular homeostasis.