Bone response to anodized zirconium implants. A preliminary in vivo approach

MARÍA ROSA KATUNAR; ANDREA GOMEZ SANCHEZ; JOSEFINA BALLARRE; SILVIA M. CERÉ

Congreso; COLAOB; 2012

SLABO

Most metals used as cementless implants undergo some kind of surface modification before clinical insertion. These modifications are performed to promote biological reactions at the interface influencing principally in the biological events that lead to bone formation. It is known that the texturing and /or chemical alterations of material surfaces may lead to long-term integration in bone, so implant topography is critical to the success of bone-anchored implants. Osseointegration refers to a direct bone-to-metal interface without interposition of non-bone tissue as a direct structural and functional connection between ordered, living bone and the modified surface of the implant. For dental and orthopedic implants, many materials and surface modifications have been examined. In vivo and in vitro research has been performed to evaluate the biology of the response to the implant surface and how the materials characteristics, such as surface modification, chemical composition and/or coatings may affect the short- and long-term stability of the metal-tissue interface. Zirconium (Zr) is an ideal metal for intra-osseous implants for its favorable resistance to corrosion, osseointegration capability and lower metal ions migration to the biological surroundings when it is compared with stainless steel and titanium alloys. The purpose of our preliminary study is to investigate the effect of anodization treatment on Zr as permanent implant on cellular proliferation and bone deposition in the surrounding of the implant, Inmunohistochemical staining using the antibody anti-PCANA was successfully done on undecalcified sections of rat in polymethyl metacrylate embedded sections where cellular proliferation around metallic implants was evaluated. The results showed that anodization process would increase the number of proliferating cell. Bone formation in vivo was analyzed by polychrome fluorescent labeling of bone, using calcium-binding fluorochromes that are deposited at the site of active mineralization. In our study the new bone around implant labeled with calcein and alizarin complexone fluorochromes was quantified by morphology using fluorescence microscopy and revealed that bone formation in the surrounding of the implants occurs continuously at 45 and 60 days after implantation. These preliminary results demonstrated that anodization process would benefit not only cellular proliferation around implant but also it encouraged the mineralization process as well