Study of immunobiotic bacteria with antiviral capabilities using genomic tools

ALBARRACÍN, LEONARDO MIGUEL; H. KOBAYASHI; H. ASO; S. ALVAREZ; H. KITAZAWA; JULIO VILLENA

Simposio; International Symposium and Youth Program; 2017

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Lactobacillus rhamnosus CRL1505 and Lactobacillus plantarum CRL1506 are immunobiotic strains able to increase protection against viral intestinal infections as demonstrated in human clinical trials and animal models. In order to gain insight into the host-immunobiotic interaction, the transcriptomic response of porcine intestinal epithelial (PIE) cells to the challenge with a TLR3 agonist, and the changes in the transcriptomic profile induced by the immunobiotics strains CRL1505 and CRL1506 was investigated. By using microarray technology and qPCR it was found that lactobacilli differently modulated immune gene expression in PIE cells after TLR3 activation. Most notable changes were found in antiviral factors (IFN-α, IFN-β, NPLR3, OAS1, OASL, MX2, RNASEL) and cytokines/chemokines (IL-1β, IL-6, CCL4, CCL5, CXCL10) that were significantly increased in lactobacilli-treated PIE cells. Immunobiotics reduced the expression of IL-15 and RAE1 genes that mediate poly(I:C) inflammatory damage. Lactobacilli treatments increased the expression PLA2G4A, PTGES and PTGS2 that are involved in prostaglandin E2 biosynthesis. In addition, the complete genomes of the CRL1505 and CRL1506 strains have been sequenced and deposited in the NCBI GenBank. Genes encoding potential adhesion proteins as well as proteins involved in exopolysaccharide biosynthesis were found on lactobacilli genomes. The comprehensive genomic analyses performed allowed us to successfully identified a group of bacterial and host genes, which can be used as prospective biomarkers for the screening of new antiviral immunobiotics for the development of novel functional food and feeds, which may help to prevent viral infections.