Immunomodulatory properties and potential therapeutic benefits of Muse cells administration in diabetes

PERONE, MJ; GIMENO, ML; FUERTES, F

Muse cells, endogenous reparative pluripotent stem cells

Sringer, Japan

Año: 2018; p. 115 - 129

It is well established the link between inflammation and the development of insulin resistance and pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. Type 1 diabetes is an auto-immune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic β cells mediated by autoreactive T lymphocytes and pro-inflammatory agents. Therefore, developing new strategies to efficiently control dysregulated inflammation could have substantial benefits in the treatment of diabetes. Recently a novel population of non-tumorigenic plu-ripotent stem cells named Multilineage-Differentiating Stress-Enduring (Muse) cells was discovered. Muse cells secrete significant amounts of TGF-β1, a key cytokine governing down-modulation of T lymphocytes and macrophages. In this chapter, we discuss the immunomodulatory properties of Muse cells as well as the molecular mechanism of TGF-β1 as mediator of Muse cell action. We also describe the role of certain cytokines/growth factors highly expressed in Muse cells as potential mediators of their effects. Finally, we provide evidence of the beneficial effects of Muse cells isolated from adipose tissue (Muse-AT cells) in an experimental mice model of type 1 diabetes.