Phenotypic characterization of a flower mutation in the grapevine cultivar ‘Listán Prieto’ and its effects on productivity

OROÑO TOMÁS; MUÑOZ, CLAUDIO; TORRES, ROCIO; GOMEZ-TALQUENCA, SEBASTIAN; LIJAVETZKY, DIEGO CLAUDIO; CALDERON, LUCIANO

Rosario

Congreso; RAFV Conference 2023 XXXIV Argentinian Meeting of Plant Physiology; 2023

Sociedad argentina de fisiología vegetal

The first hermaphrodite flowers appeared in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) as aconsequence of the domestication process. This is a main characteristic of cultivatedgrapevines differing from their wild dioecious ancestors. Due to the predominantpresence of masculinized flowers, accession Criolla Chica Nº2 (CCN2) is catalogued asa flower mutation of Criolla Chica (Argentinian synonym for cv. Listán Prieto -LP-). As theinitial step of the molecular characterization of CCN2 mutant, the present study aimed toanalyze the impact of the mutation on different reproductive and berry-related traits. Theevaluated traits were: fertility, yield, biochemical berries composition, seeds number andmorphology. As control genotype we analyzed the accession Criolla Chica “Ballista”, withhermaphrodite flowers. Both LP genotypes were located in the same vineyard, at the“Colección de Uvas Criollas” (EEA INTA-Mendoza). The mutant CCN2 presentedabscission of most inflorescences (averaging 65%), due to a strong fruit-set reduction.This phenomenon was not observed in CCBA. Regarding yield components(clusters/plant, berries/cluster, berry weight and seeds/berry), CCN2 exhibited lowervalues than CCBA (p<0.001). This reduction severely affected the average yield/plant,with 5 kg in CCBA and 0.3 kg in CCN2. The soluble solids concentration was one degreeBrix superior in CCBA, whereas CCN2 presented a higher concentration of totalpolyphenols and total anthocyanins (ca. 30%). Additionally, the seeds of CCN2 showednotorious shape and size alterations. In conclusion, the studied flower mutationnegatively affected fertility and productive traits of CCN2. Simultaneously, it seems tohave affected the biochemical composition of berries and could be responsible of seedmorphology alterations.