Papiloma Vírus Humano (HPV) e neoplasia cervical: importância da vacinação

RODRIGO JOSÉ NUNES CALUMBY; RAFAEL ALEIXO DOS SANTOS SILVA; JORGE ANDRÉS GARCÍA SUÁREZ; TERESA DE LISIEUX GUEDES FERREIRA LÔBO; DANIGLAYSE SANTOS VIEIRA; KARWHORY WALLAS LINS DA SILVA; MARIA JÚLIA PEREIRA REIS; LUCIANO APARECIDO MEIRELES GRILLO

Brazilian Journal of Health Review

Brazilian Journals Publicações de Periódicos e Editora Ltda

Año: 2020 vol. 3 p. 1610 - 1628

2595-6825

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is a DNA virus, belonging to the Papillomaviridaefamily, which has oncogenic potential, being responsible for approximately 98% of cervicalcancer cases. This type of cancer is the leading cause of death among women living indeveloping countries. The National Cancer Institute (INCA) estimates that by 2019 16,370new cases of cervical cancer will be diagnosed in Brazil, with an estimated risk of 15.43cases per 100,000 women. Based on the above, we aimed to carry out a literary review aboutHPV and its importance in the induction of cervical neoplasms, in order to describe andhighlight the advantages of using the protective vaccine against this virus. Anti-HPVvaccines were created to prevent virus infection and thus reduce the development of cervicalneoplasms. These vaccines contain a self-reproducing HPV L1 capsid protein in virus-likeparticles (VLP) capable of counteracting subsequent natural infections. There are currentlytwo regulated prophylactic vaccines available for use in the population in several countries,including Brazil: the bivalent Cervarix® vaccine that acts against viruses 16 and 18 and thetetravalent vaccine Gardasil® that acts against serotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18. Among the mostimportant information, it is highlighted that it is indicated for women between 9 and 26years and boys between 11 and 14 years, before sexual initiation, being administered inthree doses; It has proven efficacy against the serotypes present in it, being highlyimmunogenic and guaranteed protection for about 10 years.