Field observations and survey evidence to assess predictors of mask wearing across different outdoor activities in an Argentine city during the COVID-19 pandemic

ESTEBAN FREIDIN; LUZ ACERA MARTINI; CARLOS MAXIMILIANO SENCI; CRISTINA DUARTE; FABRICIO CARBALLO

Applied Psychology: Health and Well-Being

John Wiley & Sons; International Association of Applied Psychology

Lugar: Hoboken, New Jersey; Año: 2022

We here studied some potential factors underlying variation in compliance with preventive behaviors against COVID-19 by studying mask wearing during outdoor recreational activities in a mid-size city of Argentina in 2020. The originality of present research relies on the complementation of observational (N=15,507) and survey (N=578) data, and in assessing the determinants of and disposition to the same preventive behavior across activities. In Study 1, we did eight weeks of unobtrusive systematic observation of mask wearing in outdoor recreational sites as a function ofactivity (walking, running, and cycling). In Study 2, we ran an online survey (concomitant with the last weeks of the observational study) to measure self-reported mask use and relevant beliefs, including self- and other-regarding motives. Behavioral observations showed that mask wearing declined over time for the three activities as predicted from a social dilemma perspective; nonetheless, compliance significantly differed across activities. Self-reported mask use was predicted by the perceived risk of contagion for the self and for others, perceived comfort costs of wearing masks, and subjective norms, but not by perceived illness severity or mask effectiveness. We discuss some implications and limitations of present findings for the development of preventivestrategies to reduce COVID-19 transmission.Keywords (5): facemasks, COVID-19, protective behaviors, norm compliance, HealthBelief Model