Characterization of chia nutlets (salvia hispanica l.) through the application of conventional and non-conventional techniques for the development of conservation protocols

RODRIGUEZ, MARIA EMILIA; DELADINO, LORENA; SCHNEIDER-TEIXEIRA, ALINE; IXTAINA, VANESA

Valencia

Conferencia; V International Conference la ValSe-Food and VIII Symposium Chia-Link; 2023

IA ValSe-Food Network y Chia-Link

Seed deterioration in germplasm banks is assessed by tests of viability and vigor. However, its study can be addressed by techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Seeds with high lipid content, such as chia (~35%) may present difficulties for their conservation due to the degradation of lipids that affects their viability. The objective was to study physiological, biochemical and biophysical characteristics in nutlets of three chia genotypes (WN, MNI, and MNII) by conventional and non-conventional techniques (DSC and FTIR). The normal germination (NG) and mean germination time (TMG) (25 °C, 12 h light, 4 repetitions of 50 nutlets) were: 96, 93 and 63%; 1.08, 1.17 and 2.11 days and those of viability tetrazolium test 100, 96 and 77% for WN, MNI, and MNII respectively. The values of electrical conductivity at 24 h of imbibition varied between 512.35-321.05 μs.g-1.cm-1 (24 h), negatively correlating with NG and TMG. Free fatty acids ranged from 0.41-1.32% 18:1 and δ-tocopherol ranged from 32.9-29.7 μg.g-1 correlating with GN and TMG. Finally, the enthalpy of fusion for seeds and oils varied between 19.4-21.3 and 55.9-64.1 J.g-1 correlating with GN and TMG. The analysis of PCA principal components of the spectral images allowed separating the genotypes being the peaks of 1742 cm-1 and the triplet 3009-2854 cm-1 those that explained the variance associated with the methyl, methylene, and carbonyl groups of lipids. These results are promising for the application of unconventional techniques in the analysis of accessions quickly and with fewer samples.