Cardiac Involvement in Movement Disorders

MALCO ROSSI; NESTOR WAINSZTEIN; MARCELO MERELLO

Movement Disorders Clinical Practice

Hoboken, NJ : Wiley, [2014]-

Año: 2021

Background: Several conditions represented mainly by movement disorders are associated with cardiac disease, which can be overlooked in clinical practice in the context of a prominent primary neurological disorder.Objectives: To review neurological conditions that combine movement disorders and primary cardiac involvement.Methods: A comprehensive and structured literature search following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses criteria was conducted to identify disorders combining movement disorders and cardiac disease.Results: Some movement disorders are commonly or prominently associated with cardiac disease. Neurological and cardiac symptoms may share underlying physiopathological mechanisms in diseases, such as Friedreich´s ataxia and Wilson´s disease, and in certain metabolic disorders, including Refsum disease, Gaucher disease, a congenital disorder of glycosylation, or cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis. In certain conditions, such as Sydenham´s chorea or dilated cardiomyopathy with ataxia syndrome (ATX-DNAJC19), heart involvement can present early in the course of disease, whereas in others such as Friedreich´s ataxia or Refsum disease, cardiac symptoms tend to present in later stages. In another 68 acquired or inherited conditions, cardiac involvement or movement disorders are seldom reported.Conclusions: As cardiac disease is part of the phenotypic spectrum of several movement disorders, heart involvement should be carefully investigated and increased awareness of this association encouraged as it may represent a leading cause of morbidity and mortality.