PERSONAL DE APOYO
YAÑEZ SANTOS Anahi Mara
artículos
Título:
Assessment of genetic and epigenetic changes in virus-free garlic (Allium sativum L.) plants obtained by meristem culture followed by in vitro micropropagation
Autor/es:
MAGALÍ DIANA GIMENEZ; ANAHÍ MARA YAÑEZ SANTOS; ROSALÍA CRISTINA PAZ; MARIANA PAOLA QUIROGA; CARLOS FEDERICO MARFI; VILMA CECILIA CONCI; SANDRA GARCIA LAMPASONA
Revista:
PLANT CELL REPORTS
Editorial:
SPRINGER
Referencias:
Lugar: Berlin; Año: 2015
ISSN:
0721-7714
Resumen:
Garlic (Allium sativum) is a worldwide crop of economic importance susceptible to viral infections that can cause significant yield losses. Meristem tissue is the most employed method to sanitize elite cultivars. Often the virus-free garlic plants obtained are multiplied in vitro (micropropagation). However, it was reported that micropropagation frequently produces somaclonal variation at the phenotypic level, which is an undesirable trait when breeders are seeking to maintain varietal stability. We employed Amplification Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) and Methylation Sensitive Amplified Polymorphism (MSAP) methodologies to assess genetic and epigenetic modifications in two culture systems: virus-free plants obtained by meristem culture following of in vitro multiplication and field culture. Our results suggest that garlic exhibits genetic and epigenetic polymorphism under field growing conditions. However, during in vitro culture system both kinds of polymorphisms intensify indicating that this system induces somaclonal variation. Furthermore, while genetic changes accumulated along the time of in vitro culture, epigenetic polymorphism reached the major variation at six months and then stabilize, being demethylation and CG methylation the principal conversions. Cloning and sequencing differentially methylated MSAP fragments allowed us to identify coding and unknown sequences of A. sativum, including sequences belonging to LTR Gypsy retrotransposons. Together, our results highlight that main changes occur in the initial six months of micropropagation. For the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on epigenetic assessment in garlic.
