Multibiomarker response in ten spotted live-bearer fish Cnesterodon decemmaculatus (Jenyns, 1842) exposed to Reconquista river water

OSSANA, N.; EISSA, B. L.; BAUDOU, F. G; CASTAÑÉ, P.; SOLONESKY, S.; FERRARI, L.

ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY

ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE

Lugar: Amsterdam; Año: 2016

0147-6513

The aim of this paper is to assess the water quality to chemical pollution at Roggero Dam, the headwater of the Reconquistariver,andtoperformaCadmium(Cd)contaminationpulsesimulationthroughawidebatteryofbiomarkerswhich included:genotoxicityandenzymaticbiomarkerparametersonaneotropicalteleostfishnamelyCnesterodondecemmaculatus.Watersamples were taken inordertodetermine theriver's physicochemical profile. Anintegrative approachwas appliedusingabiomarkerindex. Thebioassayinvolvedtheuseoflaboratorycultureadultanimals,acclimatizedinmoderatelyhardwater(MHW)and fed ad libitum. A semi-static 96h bioassay was conducted and the experimental groups were as follows: [1] river water (Rg);[2]riverwater+2mg/LCd(RgCd);[3]MHW+2mg/LCadmium(Cd),positivemetalcontrol;[4]MHW+5mg/ L Cyclophosphamide (positive genotoxicity control -CP); [5] MWH, negative control (NC). At the end of the exposure time fishes were sectioned and the following biomarkers were determined: 1) condition factor rate (CF); 2) for the anterior section (A) (head): glutathione (GSH) and protein (Pr) content; 3) for the body midsection (M) (viscera): Pr, GSH, Glutathione-S-transferase(GST),catalase(CAT)andsuperoxidedismutase(SOD).Bloodsampleswerealsotakenfrom thefishspecimenstoestimatethefrequencyofmicronuclei(MN)aswellasothernuclearabnormalities(NA). The physicochemical profile of the river water sample indicated high Copper concentrations. CAT and SOD activity and total Pr content did not show any significant changes. GST activity decreased in fish exposed to Rg, while GSH content decreased significantly for all treatments compared to controls in MHW. These results would seem to point to a reduction in cell defense capability as a result of the depletion antioxidants such as GSH. The NA frequency increased significantlyinalltreatedgroupswhileMNfrequencywasincreasedonlyinCdandCPgroups. Usingsomethebiomarkersmeasured,abiomarkerindexwasestimatedwhichrevealedthatfishexposedtoRgwere 90% affected or highly affected, while those exposed to RgCd were 80% and Cd 68% affected or highly affected. The obtained results indicate the usefulness of the use of a battery of variables by means of the biomarker index to analyze waterquality.