Fungal community assembly in soils of different crops farming in the Puna (North Argentina)

ONTIVERO, R. E.; VOYRON, S.; RISIO ALLIONE, L. V.; BIANCO, PAOLO; BIANCIOTTO, V.; IRIARTE, H.; LUGO, M. A.; LUMINI, E.

Roma

Simposio; Global Symposium on Soil Biodiversity; 2021

FAO

Soil microbial ecosystems and its functioning are under the threat ofbiodiversity loss by the increase of cultivated areas and agronomicexploitation intensity. Among the diverse soil microorganisms, fungiand in particular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) carry outimportant ecological functions and are considered excellentbioindicators. Even if most ecosystems harbour diverse AMFcommunities, so far, the information related to AMF biodiversity inecosystems like the Argentinean Puna, an arid-high plateau whereplants experience high abiotic-stresses and unique extreme distinctiveenvironmental conditions are still scarce.The objective of this research was to analyse in Chaupi Rodeo (Jujuy,Argentina), fungal community assembly in soils of 3 crops species:native corn, bean and native potato, under a familiar land use, withoutthe supplements of agrochemicals but with different histories of cropsrotation. Results indicate that AMF spores were most abundant in cornplots, followed by potato and bean. A high AMF diversity was confirmedby Illumina MiSeq data on the same plots. The results suggest thatsoil fungal, and AMF communities were significantly affected by therotation histories, with less effect of current crops species. Amongsoil fungi, Ascomycota phylum was dominant over Basidiomycota,Glomeromycota and Chytridiomycota phyla.