The Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Their Associations in South America: A Case Study of Argentinean and Brazilian Cattle Raising Productive Ecosystems: A Review

LUGO, MÓNICA A.; ONTIVERO, ROBERTO EMANUEL; IRIARTE, HEBE J.; YELIKBAYEV, BAKHYTZHAN; PAGANO, MARCELA C.

Diversity

MPDI

Año: 2023 vol. 15

first_pagesettingsOrder Article ReprintsOpen AccessReviewThe Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Their Associations in South America: A Case Study of Argentinean and Brazilian Cattle Raising Productive Ecosystems: A Reviewby Mónica A. Lugo 1,2,*ORCID,Roberto Emanuel Ontivero 1,3,4ORCID,Hebe J. Iriarte 1,2ORCID,Bakhytzhan Yelikbayev 5 andMarcela C. Pagano 5ORCID1Micología, Diversidad e Interacciones Fúngicas (MICODIF-UNSL-CONICET), San Luis 5700, Argentina2Área Ecología, Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones Biológicas (IMIBIO-CONICET-UNSL), Universidad Nacional de San Luis (UNSL), Bloque I, San Luis 5700, Argentina3Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), San Luis 5700, Argentina4Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), Estación Experimental Agropecuaria San Juan, Calle 11 y Vidart, Pocito, San Juan 5427, Argentina5Chemical Processes and Industrial Ecology Department, Satbayev University, 22a Satpaev Street, Almaty 050013, Kazakhstan*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.Diversity 2023, 15(9), 1006; https://doi.org/10.3390/d15091006Received: 18 August 2023 / Revised: 5 September 2023 / Accepted: 8 September 2023 / Published: 10 September 2023(This article belongs to the Special Issue State-of-the-Art Mycorrhizal Fungi in South America)Download Browse Figures Review Reports Versions NotesAbstractMycorrhizal fungus diversity is an ecosystem health indicator, and thus, the appreciation of the aboveground as well as the belowground biota, such as fungi associated with natural and managed ecosystems, is essential to provide sustainable products and suggestions to farmers. Less is known about the totally arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and fungal endophytes useful to agroecology, which are environment friendly microbial biofertilizers to mitigate the complications of conventional farming. Specific AMF are found in most covers; grassy ecosystems are increasingly investigated through their exclusive fungal species that improve sustainable cultivation. Different grazed pastures, forages, and their diversity are important objects of study either in economic or ecological scope. Based on recent reports, the occurrence of AMF in grasslands and pastures is significant, supporting more diverse AMF than native forests. Therefore, we show current information on these topics. We conducted a Web of Science search of published articles on AMF, pastures, and grasslands and analyzed them. The results confirmed the important role of pH as the driver of AMF diversity distribution between the grassy ecosystems from Argentina and Brazil. In grasslands, the main family represented was Glomeraceae, while pastures maintain predominantly Acaulosporaceae. Brazilian grasslands and pastures presented four times the AMF richness of those from Argentina.