Synergistic effects of glyphosate- and 2,4-D-based pesticides mixtures on Rhinella arenarum larvae

JULIETA PELUSO; AGUSTINA FURIÓ LANUZA; CRISTINA S. PÉREZ COLL; CAROLINA M. ARONZON

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH

SPRINGER HEIDELBERG

Lugar: HEIDELBERG; Año: 2021

0944-1344

Glyphosate and 2,4-D are two herbicides commonly used together. Since there is littleinformation about the interactions between these pesticides, the aim of this study wasto evaluate the single and joint lethal toxicity of the glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH)ATANOR® (43.8% of glyphosate, isopropylamine salt) and the 2,4-D-based herbicide(2,4-DBH) Así Max 50® (602000 mg/L of 2,4-D) on Rhinella arenarum larvae.Equitoxic and non-equitoxic mixtures were prepared according to the recommendationfor their combination and analyzed with a fixed ratio design at different exposure timesand levels of lethality (LC10, LC50 and LC90). GBH (504h-LC50=38.67 mg ae/L) wassignificantly more toxic than 2,4-DBH (504h-LC50=250.31 mg ae/L) and their toxicitywas time-dependent. At 48h, the equitoxic mixture toxicity was additive and from the96h was antagonistic at LC10 and LC50 effect level. The non-equitoxic mixture toxicitywas additive at LC10 effect level from the 48h to the 168h, and synergistic from the240h. At LC50 and LC90 effect level, the mixture interaction resulted synergistic for allexposure times. This is the first study to report the synergistic interactions betweenGBH and 2,4-DBH on amphibians, alerting about its negative impact on aquaticecosystems.