CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

The involvement of thyroid hormones in initiating andexacerbating cardiovascular disease has not beencompletely elucidated; therefore, thyroid disorders couldconstitute a new vascular risk factor. Previous studies showan increase in the prevalence of thyroid disorders linked toheart disease, in both pediatric and adult populations(Yamawaka et al., 2019).The fetal and neonatal period can be considered relevantstages of life in which hormonal, metabolic and neuronalalterations could modulate the expression of differentcardiac genes, important for the development of thecardiovascular system (Minerath et al., 2019, Forini et al.,2019).It is known that the thyroid gland regulates functionsinvolved in maintaining an adequate balance in the internalenvironment, and that it contributes to the bodysadaptation to the external environment. For this reason,disorders that affect this gland have a great impact onhomeostasis. Thyroid hormones have a significant impacton cardiac function, mediated by genomic and non-genomic effects, which correlate with the normaldevelopment and maturation of the cardiovascular systemduring the neonatal period (Kotsopoulou et al., 2022).A deficiency of thyroid hormones during intrauterine life and lactation did not modify linear growth rate. No changes in body mass and lineargrowth was seen when hypothyroidism was induced during fetal life. Inadequate levels of thyroid hormones during intrauterine life and lactationdid not affect EF and SF. However, congenital hypothyroidism reduced AWT without altering PWT and LVID. In conclusion, this studysuggests that hypothyroidism induced in fetal life appears not to affect cardiovascular function in adulthood. These results suggest that the heartwould have compensatory mechanisms that would exacerbate its performance to maintain adequate cardiovascular function despite havinglow levels of thyroid hormones.

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