Genotoxcity evaluation of endosulfan and cipermetrin in Caiman latirostris embryos through the micronucleus test and nuclear abnormalities

E C LOPEZ GONZALEZ; M.A. LATORRE; ROMITO, ML; ALEJANDRO LARRIERA; SIROSKI, P.A.; G. L. POLETTA

Foz de Iguazu

Congreso; 11Th International Congress on Environmental Mutagenesis; 2013

SBMCTA-ALAMCTA

Natural populations of C. latirostris (Broad-snouted caiman) are currently at risk of potential contamination because many natural regions in Argentina are in the proximity of agricultural areas, as a consequence of the expansion of cultivated areas and the corresponding increase in pesticide use. The aim of this study was to evaluate genotoxicity induced by insecticides: Endosulfan and Cypermethrin, during embryonic development of C. latirostris, using the MN test as a biomarker. The study was carried out under the ?Proyecto Yacaré? (Gob. Santa Fe/MUPCN) facilities. Experiments were performed on embryos of C. latirostris exposed by topication, using ethanol as a vehicle. Eggs were randomly distributed into ten experimental groups of 12 eggs each (N total= 120): 1) a negative control (NC) with distilled water; 2) a vehicle control (VC) with ethanol; 3-6) 4 groups exposed to 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg/ egg of Endosulfan and 7-10) 4-exposed to 1, 10, 100 and 1000 µg / egg Cypermethrin. All treatment were applied at early development stage. Hatching success was recorded and blood samples were taken from the spinal vein for the application of the MN test in erythrocytes. A frequency of MN (FMN: numbers of cells with MN/1000 erythrocytes) was determined for each caiman. NC and CV showed no difference in the FMN, indicating that ethanol caused any genotoxic damage (P>0.05). No significant differences were found in the FMN between exposed groups and NC for any of the concentrations tested of both compounds (P>0.05). These results disagree with previous study performed in our lab in which Endosulfan and Cypermethrin induced genotoxicity in embryos after semi-controlled condition of exposure, possibly because they were applied as mixtures. Further studies are necessary to determine the real effects of these pesticides, thus, other vehicle are being tested and others nuclear abnormalities analyzed.