Vascular Function and Heart Rate Variability in Mothers of Children with Low Birth Weight

PERAL DE BRUNO MARIA; JOO TURONI CLAUDIO; ROSSANA CHAHLA; CHAILA ZULEMA; OLASO GASPAR; BAZAN DE CASELLAS C

Buenos Aires

Congreso; XXVI Annual Meeting, SLEP; 2016

Sociedad LAtinoamericana de Endocrinologia Pediatrica

Introduction: It is known that low birth weight (LBW) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in adult life. The heart rate variability (HRV) results from a balancebetween sympathetic/parasympathetic systems and reflects our capacity to adapt to changing situations. It was demonstrated that HRV is decreased in many CVD. New researches show that theBPN may be result of multiple factors both of the child and the mother that could negatively impact on the fetal growth environment. Objective: To study endothelial function (EF) and HRV by non-invasive methods and its relationship with CVD risk markers in mothers of children with a history of LBW.Method: Mothers of children with or without LBW (control group) were studied. Waist circumference, height, weight, systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP), glucose, insulin and lipid profile were determined. EF was measured by pulse wave plethysmography evaluating flow-mediated vasodilatation. HRV (variation in the beat-to-beat interval) was analyzed by standard deviation of beat-to-beat or NN intervals (SDNN); spontaneous variability of heart rate (percentage of consecutive beats that differ more than 50 ms: pNN50) and the product of the maximum HR and SBP(MHRxSBP).Results: In mothers, we found that SDNN was significantly correlated with the weight of children at birth (Pearson r = 0.5634;IC50%: 0.1739 to 0.8004; p < 0.01, n = 21). Also in mothers, thepercentage or number of children with LBW was negatively correlated with HRV. When comparing the group of mothers of children with LBW and control group, there were no differences in age, anthropometric parameters and laboratory variables and SBP/DBP in both groups. However mothers of children with LBW presented a decreased endothelial function (1.86 ± 6.6% HR n = 13) in contrastwith mothers of control group (19.4 vs. 5.9; n = 8; p < 0.02). Conclusions: We observed for the first time that the mothers of children with a history of LBW, although have similar characteristic in her anthropometric and biochemical parameters and blood pressure in relation with control group, these mothers have a decreased endothelial function as well as a minor HRV. These facts indicate that the BPN could be associated with early changes of the autonomic adaptive axis mothers.