A multimatrix approach of legacy, current and emergent contaminants in aquatic environments from the Atlantic forest

ONDARZA, P.; CAMPANINI,M; SANTILLAN, ANTONELLA; ROLON E; HADDAD, S; AVIGLIANO, E; DE LA TORRE, F.R.; BROOKS, ; MIGLIORANZA, K.

San Luis

Congreso; VII Congreso Argentino de la Sociedad de Toxicología y Química Ambiental SETAC Argentina.; 2018

Sociedad de Toxicología y Química Ambiental SETAC Argentina.

Agriculture is one of the main sources of aquatic pollution, due to the concomitant use ofagrochemicals. This study reports the occurrence and distribution of legacy and current use pesticidesin rainfall, surface water (SW), suspended particle matter, bottom sediments and fish tissues (liver,gills, muscle) from the Misiones province, Argentina. Fish studied involved Rhamdia quelen,Hypostomus fuliginosus, Hoplias lacerdae, Prochilodus lineatus. The current use pesticides (CUPs)chlorpyrifos (CPF), chlorothalonil, trifluraline; and the organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) DDTs,endosulfans, HCHs, heptachlors, chlordanes, were analyzed by GC-ECD. Emerging contaminants, suchas pharmaceuticals previously reported in these fish, were used to compare with agricultural pollution.Concentrations are expressed as ng/L, ng/g dry weight (ng/g dw) and ng/g wet weight (ng/g ww). Ingeneral, levels ofOCPs were higher than those of CUPs, except in sediments. Therefore, OCPscontinues being a threat for aquatic biota, despite their forbidden use. DDTs and endosulfans were theprincipal legacy pesticides, with a metabolite/parental ratios >1. CPF was the main CUPs found in allsamples, consistently with its wide use on yerba mate, tobacco, horticulture and soybean productions.Rain samples presented 1 ng/L of CPF and 2.4 ng/L of OCPs (77% represented by -endosulfan). InSW, CPF and endosulfans showed the highest levels (0.9 and 0.8 ng/L, respectively), which were severaltimes lower than the maximum limits for freshwater biota protection established in Argentina (6 and7 ng/L, respectively). In sediments, CPF levels (5 ng/g dw) were 50 times higher than OCPs (0.1 ng/gdw), where -endosulfan and pp´-DDE account 23% and 20%, respectively. In fish tissues, OCPs andCUPs distributions were as follow: liver > gills > muscle. Among legacy pesticides, pp´-DDD (0.7-321ng/g ww) reached until 98% of DDTs, and endosulfan sulfate (0.4-1.9 ng/g ww) between 20-87% ofendosulfans followed by -endosulfan. In general,-/-endosulfan ratios