INVESTIGADORES
RECALDE Marina Yesica
capítulos de libros
Título:
Energy, security of supply and environment in developing countries: The renewable energy sources in Latin American electricity markets
Autor/es:
RECALDE, MARINA YESICA; GUZOWSKI, CARINA
Libro:
Renewable Energy for Sustainable Future
Editorial:
iConcept Press Ltd.
Referencias:
Año: 2013; p. 75 - 111
Resumen:
In a world characterized by energy security of supply and environmental concerns, the majority of developed countries are attempting to include a bigger share of new renewable technologies in power systems, particularly wind and solar power as well as biomass. After a few decades these countries seem to have been successful in becoming their power systems ?greener?. Nevertheless, the situation is different for those developing or underdeveloped countries. In the case of these countries, and despite of their natural endowments, institutional, economic and social aspects may have retarded the use of promoting mechanisms and, therefore, the inclusion of these technologies in electricity mix. In this frame this chapter studies the case of a group of Latin American countries in order to discuss the current status of renewable energies in electricity markets and to identify the main driving and delaying forces. To this purpose, we firstly revise power generation organization structure, the deregulation policies (carried on in the region from mid eighties) and its current situation, identifying the key similarities and differences of the cases. Secondly, we study the core characteristics of electricity systems, the evolution of electricity intensity, rural and urban electrification rates, the composition of the electricity mix, the environmental impact of power generation through CO2 emissions, and the rate of electricity self-supply among others. Thirdly, we compare renewable promoting mechanisms of the countries and appraise the results of these instruments. Finally, we present the results of the comparative study, highlighting the most promising mechanisms according to the specific characteristics of each case in order to provide some policy recommendations for developing countries.
