Incidence of micronuclei and nuclear abnormalities in Broad-snouted caimán exposed in ovo to pesticide formulations

LÓPEZ GONZÁLEZ, EVELYN; LARRIERA, ALEJANDRO; SIROSKI, PABLO A.; POLETTA, GISELA L.

Santa Fe

Otro; Curso de Posgrado Actualización en Mecanismos de Daño y Reparación del ADN; 2014

Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral

The aim of this study was to evaluate the embrotoxicity and genotoxicity of three pesticide formulations: the insecticides Endosulfan (Galgofan® -END, 35%) and Cypermethrin (Atanor®: -CYP, 25%) and the herbicide Glyphosate (Roundup®: -GLY, 66.2%) on Caiman latirostris hatchlings, using the Micronuclei (MN) and other nuclear abnormalities (NA) as biomarkers of genotoxicity. Eggs were randomly distributed into fourteen experimental groups (N= 224; 16 eggs per experimental group with two replicates of 8 eggs each: 1) a negative control (NC) with distilled water; 2) a vehicle control (VC) with ethanol; 3-10) 8 groups exposed to 1, 10, 100, and 1000 µg/ egg of END and CYP formulations; 11-13) 3 groups exposed to 500, 750 and 1000 µg/egg formulation of GLY; and 14) a positive control (PC) with cyclophosphamide (700 µg/egg). The eggs were incubated in an artificial incubator, under controlled conditions of temperature of 31.5 ± 0.5 °C and 95% humidity. Hatching success was recorded and blood samples were taken from the spinal vein of neonates for determination of the Frequency of MN (FMN) and NA (FNA; buds, notched nuclei, binuclei, eccentric nuclei) in erythrocytes. NC and VC showed no differences in the FMN or NA, indicating that ethanol caused no genotoxic damage (p>0.05). On the other hand, we found statistical significant higher FMN in the PC, END10, CYP1 (p