Pesticide formulations effects on the expression of antioxidant enzyme genes and genotoxicity in the native reptile species Caiman latirostris

ODETTI, LUCÍA M.; LÓPEZ GONZÁLEZ, EVELYN; SIMONIELLO, MA. FERNANDA; SIROSKI, PABLO A.; POLETTA, GISELA L.

Congreso; SETAC Latin America 14th Biennial Meeting. Modalidad Virtual.; 2021

Sociedad de Toxicología y Química Ambiental (SETAC)

Pesticide exposure could alter the response of the antioxidant system both, affecting the function of enzymes that contribute to the first line of antioxidant defense, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT), or modifying the expression of the genes encoding for these enzymes. In the last years, our group have reported genotoxicity and oxidative stress in blood of C. latirostris exposed to different pesticides and their mixtures, in neonates and yearlings under laboratory controlled condition. The aim of this study was to quantify the expression levels of CAT and SOD genes and the activities of the enzymes they encode, and how this relates with oxidative damage to lipids, DNA and genotoxicity in blood of C. latirostris hatchling exposed to pesticide formulations under semi-natural conditions. One hundred hatchlings (20 days old) coming from five different clutches were equally distributed into the following treatments: negative control (NC-tap water), glyphosate 2% (GLY, Roundup® Full II), cypermethrin 0.12% (CYP; Atanor®), chlorpyrifos 0.8% (CPF, Lorsban®), and their ternary mixture (M). The concentrations and schedule of application were those recommended in soybean crops. Blood samples were taken for the analysis of the frequency of micronucleus (FMN), DNA damage and oxidative DNA damage, lipid peroxidation levels, the activities of CAT and SOD enzymes and the expression of their corresponding genes. Pesticides analyzed in soil and water 15 days after application showed residues of all compounds in both matrices. Results of biomarkers showed a statistically significant increase in DNA damage, oxidative DNA damage and FMN for GLY, CYP, CPF and M (p