CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

Introduction: Congenital anomalies (CAs) are abnormalities inintrauterine development and are one of the main causes of burden disease,especially in low- and middle-income countries. Many environmental andmaternal risk factors could lead to these pathologies. The aim of this studywas to identify different types of CAs, determine their frequency and identifytheir possible association with maternal sociodemographic and lifestyle riskfactors among patients from Santa Fe Province, Argentina.Material and methods: An observational cases and control pilot studywas conducted in 2018 and 2019 on 280 postpartum mothers of newbornbabies with any CA (cases, n = 64) and without a CA (controls, n = 216)attending public hospitals. A face-to-face questionnaire was completed,and clinical histories were required to obtain information on maternalsociodemographic factors, gynecological events, health state, lifestyle habitsand child diagnoses.Results: Polymalphormations and neural tube defects were the mostfrequent CA observed. Differences between cases and control groups, aswell as between places of residence, were given by gestational age, type ofdelivery and newborn birth weight, all of which are preventable variables. Aslight association between maternal diabetes and the occurrence of cases wasfound.Discussion: Maternal place of origin is a factor of inequity in terms ofgynecology variables which describes a deeper background in sanitary realityfrom Santa Fe Province that would have a large impact on future adults bornpreterm. The results highlight the necessity of generating both sanitary toolsfor maternal-child health policies and environmentalevaluations, which remains a permanent challengeof the Argentine public health system.

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