Validation of the response to the resistance of the roots rot in ten pea materials (Pisum sativum L.)

ESPÓSITO MA,; MAGNANO L; GATTI I; SCANDIANI M; LUQUE A; LAGO ME

BIOCELL

INST HISTOL EMBRIOL-CONICET

Año: 2020 vol. 44 p. 11 - 11

0327-9545

Pea is an important crop in the North Pampeana Region. The incidence of diseases decreases yields and raises production costs. Therefore, it is necessary to generate new national materials with good disease behavior, thus favoring the economic growth of the region. Genetic improvement is an important tool to achieve it. The evaluation of materials in naturally infested substrates allows knowing their behavior against soil pathogens in a preliminary way. The objective of this research was to validate a previous exploratory study on the behavior and presence of potential sources of resistance to Fusarium sp. in materials from the working collection of germplasm of the Fac. Cs. Agrarias-UNR. In a plot with serious losses due to a repeated history of pea root rot, samples were taken from the first 10 cm of soil and homogenized to obtain a substrate with a uniform natural infestation. In the greenhouse of the EEA INTA Oliveros, 10 cultivars of pea were sown, in two substrates (naturally infested and sterile), with 4 seeds/pot and 4 repetitions. The emergency percentage was assessed by pot (%E) and the proportion of affected nodes per plant for each material (PNAP) in the infested (i) and sterile (e) substrates, establishing a PNAPe/PNAPi index. ANOVA was applied for (%E) and the association between the materials and the PNAP was analyzed through the Irwin-Fisher test, establishing two groups with PNAP > or < 50%. In DARK SKINNED P., METEOR, ERVILHA and VIR2524, the proportion of plants with PNAP greater than 50%, increased when going from treatment (e) to (i): 44 vs. 81%, 75 vs. 100%, 38 vs. 75% and 38 vs. 75%, respectively. VIR 2125; CHINEESE P. and B232 exhibited a high PNAPe / PNAPi and % E index, which would indicate good behavior, while VIPER was very susceptible, with low index and % E. The indexes calculated for each material were compared with those of the previous analysis, finding coincidence for CHINEESE P., METEOR, MULTIFREEZER, VIR2521, VIR2524, FACON and VIPER. The materials that showed better behavior for the second consecutive year were considered for inclusion as candidates in future trials with an artificial inoculum of fungal pathogens. This validation represents an advance in crop improvement, allowing the characterization of materials and, consequently, the planning of future crossings in order to generate variability for resistance to soil pathogens