Performance stability of five cultivars of field pea (Pisum sativum L.) based on the characteristics of the GGE biplot analysis.

ESPÓSITO MA, ; PRIETO G,; GATTI I.

BIOCELL

INST HISTOL EMBRIOL-CONICET

Año: 2020 vol. 44 p. 12 - 12

0327-9545

Argentine pea production is concentrated in the southern and central regions of Santa Fe, and northern and southeast of Buenos Aires. In Argentina, green field peas are usually produced and exported, however, the largest volume in the world market consists of yellow varieties. In breeding programs is common to evaluate the response of genotypes in various environments in order to assess the magnitude of the genotype by environment interaction (IGE), as well as the stability of the cultivars, considering the evaluation years as environments in some cases. The understanding of the IGE observed in these tests, allows identifying high yield cultivars. The objective of this research was to evaluate the productive behavior and the genotype x year interaction (IGE) in five cultivars (two green and three yellow) planted in four consecutive campaigns in the EEA INTA Oliveros, with a randomized complete block design with 3 repetitions, in the framework of the National Network of Evaluation of Pea Cultivars. Yield in kg/ha was measured in each campaign and a combined analysis of variance was carried out detecting significant differences (1%) between years (F = 263.07), genotypes (F = 8.34), and IGE (F = 4). The analysis of mean comparisons showed that the yellow varieties MEADOW, YAMS, and REUSSITE had the highest yields, while the green varieties SHAMROCK and FACON were the least productive. In a GGE analysis (Genotype + Genotype x Year) biplot the Main Component 1 (CP1) explained 56.22% of the total variability and CP2 explained 40.68%. Analyzing the different years, it was found that year 1 was the most representative of the trial, but with low discriminant power, while year 2 turned out to be the test environment with greater discriminating power. Studying varieties in relation to the coordinate of the Average years it was found that MEADOW was the highest yielding but least stable, while SHAMROCK and FACÓN were cultivars with yields below the mean but with high stability, a situation that is repeated if genotypes are analyzed in relation to year 1. In the year with the greatest discriminating power, the same performance of the cultivars in terms of stability was found but the variety with the highest yield is, in this case, REUSSITE. The GGEbiplot analysis proved to be an adequate tool to visualize the most stable and yielding cultivars throughout all the years evaluated, and thus allows them to be recommended for sowing in our legume region. This is a preliminary analysis of the behavior of five pea cultivars in four years in a single locality. It would be very useful to expand this analysis including more cultivars and more locations in order to establish the interactions between cultivars and localities, between cultivars and years and between cultivars, years, and localities for a deeper study of the behavior of network materials.