Mutagenesis in pea (Pisum sativum L.)

ESPÓSITO, MARÍA ANDREA; MARTIN, EUGENIA; CRAVERO, VANINA AND COINTRY, ENRIQUE

BIOCELL

CONICET

Año: 2007 vol. 31 p. 135 - 135

0327-9545

In Argentina, pea is cultivated in Buenos Aires and Santa Fe predominantly. Market requirement and decrease of cultivated areas caused a reduction of genetic diversity in this species. So then, mutagenesis appear such as tool to generate new and superior genotypes. The aim of this work was determine the ability of chemic mutagens to generate genetic variability. Seeds of two varieties (Sprut and Eric II) were imbibed in water overnight. Then were treated with ethyl methane sulfonate (EMS) 4mM for 5 hours at room temperature and decontaminated whit sodium tiosulphate 0.2 M. Plants obtained were harvested and seeds were sowed per families. To determine the mutagen effect, six quantitative traits were evaluated: number of pods, seeds per plot, seeds per pod, weight of 100 seeds; days to flowering and yield. Furthermore, molecular markers, SRAP (Sequence-Related Amplified Polymorphism) were used. Gels were stained with AgNO3 and SRAP fragments were scored as present or absent. Cluster analysis were performed with morphological and molecular data and genetic distances (Nei index) were calculated. Three clusters were obtained for Sprut and two for Erik II. Nei index values ranged from 0.74 to 0.79 between mutants and original plants in Sprut and from 0.49 to 0.93 between two different mutants in Erik II. Through mutagenesis latter plants, with higher yield and higher number of seeds were obtained. In conclusion, new genotypes were generated in both cultivars by EMS action, extending their genetic bases and facilitating new cultivars obtainment.