COMPOUNDS ON THE PROTECTION OF INTESTINAL BARRIER ALTERATIONS INDUCED BY HIGH-FAT DIET

PERDICARO DJ; MUSCIA, MV; CACCIAMANI V; ANTONIOLLI, A; OTEIZA PI; VAZQUEZ PRIETO MA

Mar del Plata

Congreso; Reunión Anual de Sociedades de Biociencias; 2022

SAFIS, SAIC, SAI

We previously observed that grape pomace extract (GPE), concentrated in polyphenolic compounds, attenuates metabolic and cardiovascular alterations such as dyslipidemia, hypertension and insulin resistance and prevents adipose tissue (AT) hypertrophy and inflammation in experimental models of metabolic syndrome induced by high-fat and/or high-fructose diets. Since the gastrointestinal tract, and in particular the microbiota, plays a very important role in pathologies associated with excess caloric intake, overweight and obesity, the aim of this study is to evaluate how dietary intervention with GPE can modulate the integrity of the intestinal barrier and metabolic parameters associated with high-fat diets. Male C57BL/6 mice (20-25 g) were divided into 4 groups (n = 7 each) and fed for 14 weeks as follows: i) Control group (Ctrl): standard diet; ii) Ctrl group + diet supplemented with GPE: 300 mg/kg body weight (bw)/day iii); iv) HF (high fat) group; control diet containing 60% of total calories from fat and v) HF + GPE 300 mg/kg bw/day. Consumption of a HF diet significantly increased body weight gain, visceral and subcutaneous AT increase and adipocyte hypertrophy. These parameters were associated with higher levels of fast glucose in the HF diet group. The supplementation with GPE significantly prevented body weight and AT gain and attenuated fast glucose levels. Also, the HF diet treatment decreased colon crypts length and altered goblet cells which are critical players in the preservation of barrier function. GPE supplementation to the HF diet restored these changes. Overall, consumption of GPE can protect against HF diet induce adipocyte hypertrophy and metabolic alterations and could protect the gastrointestinal tract from the damage caused by the intake of diets rich in fats. These findings support the potential relevance of consuming GPE-rich foods to attenuate high-fat diet-induced alterations.