Intoxication with cadmium and its possible effectson the histoarchitectura of placenta of rat at 20G. Action of differents proteins diets

BIAGGIO VS; FILIPPA V; PEREZ CHACA MV; PIGUILLEM SN; GIMENEZ MS

Congreso; Sociedad Argentina de Investigacion Clinica; 2018

Introduction: The occurrence of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is higher in infants born to mothers exposed to cadmium (Cd) trough environmental sources such as smoking and industrial work. A contributing factor of IUGR is improper placentation. It has been postulated that extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs) are central to pregnancy-specific remodeling of spiral arteries by associating the presence of EVTs with the appearance of fibrinoid and degenerative changes within in the vascular wall of decidual and myometrial arteries. Importantly, trophoblast-mediated remodeling provokes conversion of spiral arteries with narrow lumina into larger conduits delivering low-pressure, high blood flow to the growing fetus. These arterial changes were found to be vastly absent in hypertensive pregnancies and intrauterine growth restriction suggesting trophoblastic malfunction. On the other way, soy protein is becoming increasingly important in the human diet. Isoflavones (genistein) could cause hypertrophy in endometrium and alter reproductive function in different species. Objective: We evaluated a potential involvement of environmental exposure relevant concentrations of Cd exposure on placental function and the possible protective role of the consumption of soy protein. Materials and Methods: 4 lots of female Wistar rats were used: 2 lots received casein (Cas) and 2 lots soybean (Soy) as protein source. Within each group, 1 lot received regular water (Co) and the other, 15 ppm of Cd in the drinking water. Results: we observed several sections of placenta tissue from the different experimental groups. The histomorphological study showed the presence of trophoblast invasion in different regions of the tissue. Conclusion: our previous results demonstrated the presence of oxidative and nitrosative environment in the placenta at 20 G. This situation accompanied by morphological alterations consequently an inadequate intrauterine development.