Temperature and host plant species affect the performance and immunocompetence of an outbreak defoliator in northwestern Patagonia

MARIA NOEL SERRA; QUINTERO CAROLINA; MARIANO RODRIGUEZ CABAL; ANDRES MARTINEZ; JUAN PARITSIS

ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY

WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC

Lugar: Londres; Año: 2022

0307-6946

1.  Rising temperature has been associated withincreased occurrence of herbivorous insect outbreaks, explained by severaldirect and indirect mechanisms. Whereas natural enemies are known key driversof forest-defoliating insect cycles, indirect effects of temperature oninsect?s ability to defend against pathogens and parasitoids (e.g.immunocompetence), as well as the interaction with other mechanisms (e.g. diet),remain less explored. The aim of this studyis to evaluate the effect of temperature and diet on the performance and immuneresponse of the model lepidopteran systemOrmiscodes amphimone (Saturniidae)and its host plants Nothofagus spp. (Nothofagaceae).2.  Larvae of O.amphimone were reared under two temperature conditions (ambient 18:6 °C andwarmed, 21:6 °C; light: dark) and on leaves of two of their preferred Nothofagus host plants which vary in quality(lower N. antarctica - higher N. pumilio). We measureddevelopmental time, female pupal weight as a proxy of fitness, relative growthrate, nutritional indices, and melanization of a monofilament as a proxy of immuneresponse.3.  Results showed that an average rise of 2 °C favorslarval immunocompetence, potentially decreasing mortality exerted byparasitoids. Moreover, depending on diet, an increase in temperature can eithermaintain (on more nutritious N. pumilio leaves)or enhance (on less nutritious N.antarctica leaves) larval nutritional efficiency, performance, and femalepupal weight. 4.   Hence, an increase intemperature could enhance O. amphimonepopulation growth, through attenuating differences caused by diet and enhancingimmunocompetence, favoring outbreak frequency, severity,and area. @font-face{font-family:"Cambria Math";panose-1:2 4 5 3 5 4 6 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:1;mso-generic-font-family:roman;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:0 0 0 0 0 0;}@font-face{font-family:Calibri;panose-1:2 15 5 2 2 2 4 3 2 4;mso-font-charset:0;mso-generic-font-family:swiss;mso-font-pitch:variable;mso-font-signature:-536859905 -1073697537 9 0 511 0;}p.MsoNormal, li.MsoNormal, div.MsoNormal{mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-parent:"";margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:10.0pt;margin-left:0cm;line-height:115%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;}p.MsoListParagraph, li.MsoListParagraph, div.MsoListParagraph{mso-style-priority:34;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:10.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;line-height:115%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;}p.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst{mso-style-priority:34;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-type:export-only;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:36.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;line-height:115%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;}p.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle{mso-style-priority:34;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-type:export-only;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:0cm;margin-left:36.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;line-height:115%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;}p.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, li.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast, div.MsoListParagraphCxSpLast{mso-style-priority:34;mso-style-unhide:no;mso-style-qformat:yes;mso-style-type:export-only;margin-top:0cm;margin-right:0cm;margin-bottom:10.0pt;margin-left:36.0pt;mso-add-space:auto;line-height:115%;mso-pagination:widow-orphan;font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;}.MsoChpDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;mso-default-props:yes;font-size:11.0pt;mso-ansi-font-size:11.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Calibri",sans-serif;mso-ascii-font-family:Calibri;mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:Calibri;mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-hansi-font-family:Calibri;mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"Times New Roman";mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-bidi;mso-ansi-language:ES-AR;}.MsoPapDefault{mso-style-type:export-only;margin-bottom:10.0pt;line-height:115%;}div.WordSection1{page:WordSection1;}ol{margin-bottom:0cm;}ul{margin-bottom:0cm;}