Fluorosis dental en una zona de Córdoba, Argentina. Desarrollo de estrategias para su prevención

GALLARÁ R.V; PIAZZA L. A.; PIÑAS M.E; BARTEIK M.E; CENTENO V.A.; BOJANICH M.A.; MONCUNILL I; GARCIA M.G.; LECOMTE K.L; ROZAS C.A.; PONCE R.

Revista de la Facultad de Odontología

Facultad de Odontología UNC

Lugar: Córdoba; Año: 2017 vol. 1

0325-1071

Objective: To study the relationship between tooth spots and dental fluorosis in a population in the northwest of Córdoba, Argentina, in order to design preventive actions in this zone. Methods: In children aged 5 to 11 years, thefluorosis index (636 dental surfaces) and total fluorine (F-) intake were determined. In water samples from the study area, the content of F- (mg/L) (selective ion electrode method) was evaluated. For the removal of F fromdrinking water, a filter was constructed using clay soils as ion exchangers. Results: 86.7% of all permanent dental surfaces presented some form of fluorosis and 77.8% of anterior maxillary teeth showed mild, moderate and severe degrees.The daily intake of F- (3.90 mg/day) doubled the recommended intake. The Fconcentrations in water samples were of 1.7 to 3.4 mg/L. The adsorption capacity of F- of three types of clay soils of the zone was analyzed,showing only one of them the capacity (0.02 mg F-/g of soil) to remove F from the water. With this material was designed a homemade filter. Conclusions: The concentration of F found in the water of the area and the presence of spots on the teeth of the inhabitants allow affirming that the study area is a zone of endemic fluorosis. The use of the household F removal filter made it possibleto obtain potable water with appropriate concentrations of F- to drink and cook food as the first stage to solve the health problems of a region in which its inhabitants are characterized by a situation of underemployment and lowincome.