Acidosis dials down platelet haemostatic functions and promotes neutrophil proinflammatory responses mediated by platelets.

ETULAIN J; NEGROTTO S; CARESTIA A; POZNER R; ROMANIUK MA; D'ATRI LP; KLEMENT GL; SCHATTNER M

THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS

SCHATTAUER GMBH-VERLAG MEDIZIN NATURWISSENSCHAFTEN

Año: 2012 vol. 107 p. 99 - 110

0340-6245

Acidosis is one of the hallmarks of tissue injury such as trauma, infection, inflammation, and tumour growth. Although platelets participate in the pathophysiology of all these processes, the impact of acidosis on platelet biology has not been studied outside of the quality control of laboratory aggregation assays or platelet transfusion optimization. Herein, we evaluate the effect of physiologically relevant changes in extracellular acidosis on the biological function of platelets, placing particular emphasis on haemostatic and secretory functions. Platelet haemostatic responses such as adhesion, spreading, activation of αIIbβ3 integrin, ATP release, aggregation, thromboxane B2 generation, clot retraction and procoagulant activity including phosphatidilserine exposure and microparticle formation, showed a statistically significant inhibition of thrombin-induced changes at pH of 7.0 and 6.5 compared to the physiological pH (7.4). The release of alpha granule content was differentially regulated by acidosis. At low pH, thrombin or collagen-in- Correspondence to: Mirta Schattner Academia Nacional de Medicina Pacheco de Melo 3081 Buenos Aires (1425), Argentina Tel.: +5411 4805 5759, Fax: +5411 4805 0712 E-mail: mschattner@hotmail.com duced secretion of vascular endothelial growth factor and endostatin were dramatically reduced. The release of von Willebrand factor and stromal derived factor-1α followed a similar, albeit less dramatic pattern. In contrast, the induction of CD40L was not changed by low pH, and P-selectin exposure was significantly increased. While the generation of mixed platelet-leukocyte aggregates and the increased chemotaxis of neutrophils mediated by platelets were further augmented under acidic conditions in a P-selectin dependent manner, the increased neutrophil survival was independent of P-selectin expression. In conclusion, our results indicate that extracellular acidosis downregulates most of the haemostatic platelet functions, and promotes those involved in amplifying the neutrophil-mediated inflammatory response.