Geochemical mechanisms controlling the isotopic and chemical composition of groundwater and surface water in a sector of the Pampean plain (Argentina)

BORZI, GUIDO; TANJAL, CAROLINA; SANTUCCI, LUCÍA; CAROL, ELEONORA

THE SCIENCE OF TOTAL ENVIRONMENT

ELSEVIER

Año: 2019 vol. 683 p. 455 - 469

0048-9697

The Samborombón River basin, which has eminently rural characteristics, develops within the Pampean plain along with other basins with serious contamination problems due to the growth of the industrial activities and the absence of a proper groundwater management. Considering that the knowledge of the natural baseline quality is important tomeasure an imposed environmental change, the aimof thisworkwas to study themechanisms that control the natural composition of groundwater and superficial water in the Samborombón River basin. In order to achieve this, detailed analysis of the minerals forming the aquifer matrix along with the data obtained from isotopes,major and trace elements were performed. Geochemical processes that define the chemical characteristics and contribute to the evolution of both surface and groundwater are associated with rainwater infiltration, carbonate dissolution, cation exchange and evaporation. Additionally, the low concentration of heavy metals may respond to natural background levels. Comprehending the hydrochemical processes governing groundwater and superficial water quality, particularly in a rural area where water supply is vital for the development of human activities, is essential to prevent environmental deterioration and thus, enhance socioeconomic growth.