Especies Naturalizadas o antropizadas? Apropiacion local y la construccion de saberes sobre los frutales introducidos en epoca historica en el norte de Argentina

HILGERT, NORMA INÉS; LAMBARÉ, ALEJANDRA; VIGNALE, NILDA DORA; STAMPELLA, PABLO; POCHETTINO, MARÍA LELIA

Rev. Biodivers. Neotrop.

Universidad Tecnológica del Chocó «Diego Luis Córdoba»

Lugar: Quibdo; Año: 2014 vol. 4 p. 69 - 87

2027-8918

Introduced species are generally seen as disruptive elements of an idealized pristine nature. Nevertheless, through the study of local perceptions and practices on fruit trees of Euro-Asian origin in different sites of Argentina (Northwestern and Northeastern respectively), it is observed that they are constitutive elements of the status considered original. By means of ethnobotanical methodology the recognized ethnospecies have been recorded, as well as the knowledge and practices associated with representatives of genus Prunus in Northewestern and Citrus in Northeastern Argentina. The analysis of ethnohistorical sources allowed us to identify the introduced species along with the routes of access, while the methodology of ethnoecology was useful to study spontaneous populations of these fruit trees. Nine ethnospecies (including two groups of ethnovarieties) of peaches and 8 ethnospecies (including 27 ethnovarieties) of Citrus have been identified that can be found in the mentioned areas and are expressive of local biocultural diversity. These cases allowed us to infer that these species have been appropriated from local vision, and by means of processes of cultural selection have given rise to populations of useful plants, that form a typical landscape of the studied areas as a consequence of environment domestication, even in the short time, as the one that represent the fruit trees introduced since European conquest.