A diet enriched in Extra Virgin Olive Oil prevents glycogen and collagen deposition in term placentas from women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus.

DALMIRO GOMEZ RIBOT; ESTEBAN DÍAZ, MARÍA VICTORIA FAZIO, HEBE LORENA GÓMEZ, CARLOS GRESTA, ; EVANGELINA CAPOBIANCO, ALICIA JAWERBAUM.

Congreso; 54th Annual DPSG Meeting ? Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Groups Meeting 2022.; 2022

DPSG

Introduction: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a prevalent disease that increases the risks of maternal, fetal and placental complications. This pathology affects placental function, which can lead to an altered fetal programming. Previously, our group showed that increased markers of insulin resistance (IR) in women with GDM were prevented by a diet enriched in Extra Virgin Olive Oil (EVOO). Regarding the placenta, we found that GDM placentas were thicker than the Controls, alterations not observed when the pregnant women received the EVOO enriched diet. In this work we aimed to evaluate whether this diet enriched in EVOO modulates the deposition of glycogen and collagen and the lipid content in term placentas from women with GDM.Methods: Fifty healthy (Control) and GDM patients were enrolled (protocol approved by HospitalPirovano Ethics Committee), and all of them were advised to follow the WHO diet for pregnancy. GDM patients were randomized to receive or not three tablespoons/day of EVOO from week 24-28 of gestation until delivery. At delivery, placental samples were obtained, stored and prepared to study the glycogenic content (PAS staining), collagen deposition (Masson’s staining), and the content of lipid species (Triglycerides (TG), Cholesterol (Chol), Cholesteryl-Esters (Chol-E), Phospholipids (PL) and Free Fatty Acids (FFA)) (Thin layer chromatography).Results: The placentas of women with GDM showed increased glycogenic content compared to Control (25%, p