CONICET | Buscador de Institutos y Recursos Humanos

High-producing dairy cows frequently suffer metabolic alterations that cause different diseases, whichcould decrease the reproductive efficiency of the herd. Among these reproductive disorders, cysticovarian disease (COD) has been related to alterations in metabolites and hormonal factors such as insulin,adiponectin and leptin. The aim of this study was to determine the protein expression of adiponectin andsome of its downstream targets in ovarian follicles of control cows and cows with clinical diagnosis ofCOD. We also analyzed some key metabolic sensors in plasma and follicular fluid from both groups. Infollicular cysts, we detected higher protein expression of adiponectin receptor 2 (AdipoR2), 50 adenosinemonophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), carnitine palmitoyl transferase 1 (CPT1) and acylcoenzyme A oxidase 1 (ACOX1) relative to control antral follicles (p < 0.05). This was related to higherplasma adiponectin concentration in cows with COD than in control cows (p < 0.05). On the other hand,insulin concentrations showed an opposite pattern (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we found alterations in localand systemic concentrations of several metabolites. In this regard, in follicular fluid of cystic cows, theconcentrations of non-esterified fatty acids and beta-hydroxybutyrate were higher (p < 0.05), whereasthe concentrations of glucose and triacylglycerol were lower than in follicular fluid from control cows(p < 0.05). Besides, in both follicular fluid and plasma of cows with COD, the concentration of cholesterolwas higher than in control animals (p < 0.05). These results evidence a local altered scenario of somemetabolic sensors in cystic follicles, which could generate an adverse microenvironment for theresumption of ovarian activity, possibly causing the persistence of follicles and the recurrence of COD.

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