INVESTIGADORES
COUTO Alicia Susana
artículos
Título:
Lack of galactose or galacturonic acid in Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA 110 exopolysaccharide leads to different symbiotic responses in soybean
Autor/es:
J.I. QUELAS; E.J. MONGIARDINI; A.CASABUONO; S.L. LÓPEZ-GARCÍA; M.J. ALTHABEGOITI; J. M. COVELLI; J. PÉREZ-GIMÉNEZ; A.S. COUTO; A. R.LODEIRO
Revista:
MOLECULAR PLANT-MICROBE INTERACTIONS
Editorial:
AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC
Referencias:
Año: 2010
ISSN:
0894-0282
Resumen:
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from Bradyrhizobium japonicum are
important for infection and nodulation of soybean (Glycine max), although their roles are not
completely understood. To better understand this, we constructed mutants in B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
completely understood. To better understand this, we constructed mutants in B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
important for infection and nodulation of soybean (Glycine max), although their roles are not
completely understood. To better understand this, we constructed mutants in B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
completely understood. To better understand this, we constructed mutants in B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
Bradyrhizobium japonicum are
important for infection and nodulation of soybean (Glycine max), although their roles are not
completely understood. To better understand this, we constructed mutants in B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
completely understood. To better understand this, we constructed mutants in B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
Glycine max), although their roles are not
completely understood. To better understand this, we constructed mutants in B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
B. japonicum USDA 110 impaired in galactose or galacturonic acid incorporation into the EPS without affecting the
LPS. The derivative LP 3010 had a deletion of lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
lspL-ugdH and produced EPS without galacturonic
acid, while LP 3013, with an insertion in exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoB
exoB, produced EPS without galactose. In addition, the
strain LP 3017, with both mutations, had EPS devoid of both galactosides. The missing galactosides
were not replaced by other sugars. The defects in EPS had different consequences. LP 3010 formed
biofilms and nodulated, but it was defective in competitiveness for nodulation, and inside nodules,
the peribacteroid membranes tended to fuse, leading to the merging of symbiosomes. Meanwhile, LP 3013 and LP 3017 were unable to form biofilms and produced empty pseudonodules, but exoBexoB
suppressor mutants were obtained when LP 3013 plant inoculation was supplemented with wild
type EPS. Similar phenotypes were observed with all these mutants in G. soja. Therefore, the lack
of each galactoside in the EPS has a different functional effect on the B. japonicum-soybean
symbiosis.
symbiosis.
of each galactoside in the EPS has a different functional effect on the B. japonicum-soybean
symbiosis.
symbiosis.
G. soja. Therefore, the lack
of each galactoside in the EPS has a different functional effect on the B. japonicum-soybean
symbiosis.
symbiosis.
B. japonicum-soybean
symbiosis.