Comparative evaluation of the in vitro micronucleus and comet assay for evaluation of fluorochloridone-induced genotoxicity

N. NIKOLOFF, M.L. LARRAMENDY, S. SOLONESKI

ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY

JOHN WILEY & SONS INC

Lugar: New York; Año: 2012

1520-4081

ABSTRACT The in vitro effects of flurochloridone and its formulations Twin Gold PackR (25% a.i.) and RainbowR (25% a.i.) were evaluated in Chinese hamster ovary K1 (CHO-K1) cells. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assays were employed. The activities were tested within the range of final concentrations of 0.25-15 ìg flurochloridone/ml. The results demonstrated that both the flurochloridone and RainbowR were not able to induce micronuclei (MN). On the other hand, Twin Pack GoldR only increased the frequency of MN at 5 ìg/ml. Furthermore, 10 and 15in vitro effects of flurochloridone and its formulations Twin Gold PackR (25% a.i.) and RainbowR (25% a.i.) were evaluated in Chinese hamster ovary K1 (CHO-K1) cells. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assays were employed. The activities were tested within the range of final concentrations of 0.25-15 ìg flurochloridone/ml. The results demonstrated that both the flurochloridone and RainbowR were not able to induce micronuclei (MN). On the other hand, Twin Pack GoldR only increased the frequency of MN at 5 ìg/ml. Furthermore, 10 and 15R (25% a.i.) were evaluated in Chinese hamster ovary K1 (CHO-K1) cells. The cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome (CBMN-cyt) and single-cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) assays were employed. The activities were tested within the range of final concentrations of 0.25-15 ìg flurochloridone/ml. The results demonstrated that both the flurochloridone and RainbowR were not able to induce micronuclei (MN). On the other hand, Twin Pack GoldR only increased the frequency of MN at 5 ìg/ml. Furthermore, 10 and 15R were not able to induce micronuclei (MN). On the other hand, Twin Pack GoldR only increased the frequency of MN at 5 ìg/ml. Furthermore, 10 and 15R only increased the frequency of MN at 5 ìg/ml. Furthermore, 10 and 15 ìg/ml of both formulations resulted in a cellular cytotoxicity demonstrated by alterations in the nuclear division index and cellular death. SCGE assay appeared to be a more sensitive bioassay for detecting primary DNA strand breaks at lower concentrations of flurochloridone than MN did. A marked increase in the genetic damage index was observed when 5 and 15g/ml of both formulations resulted in a cellular cytotoxicity demonstrated by alterations in the nuclear division index and cellular death. SCGE assay appeared to be a more sensitive bioassay for detecting primary DNA strand breaks at lower concentrations of flurochloridone than MN did. A marked increase in the genetic damage index was observed when 5 and 15 ìg/ml of both flurochloridone and RainbowR but only when 15 ìg/ml of Twin Pack GoldRg/ml of both flurochloridone and RainbowR but only when 15 ìg/ml of Twin Pack GoldR were employed. This is the first report demonstrating that flurochloridone and its two commercial formulations are able to induce single-strand DNA breaks in vitro on mammalian cells.in vitro on mammalian cells.