New rodents (Mammalia) from the late Oligocene of Cabeza Blanca (Chubut) and the first rodent radiation in Patagonia

VUCETICH, M. G.; DOZO, M.T.; ARNAL, M.; PÉREZ, M. E.

HISTORICAL BIOLOGY

Taylor & Francis

Lugar: LONDON; Año: 2015 p. 1 - 23

Caviomorph rodents, the New World Hystricognathi, are one of the most characteristic groups of South Americanmammals. Although they have been in the continent at least since the middle Eocene, those of the Deseadan Land mammalAge (early?late Oligocene) are the best source to understanding their early history due of their good record, largegeographic distribution and good temporal calibration of many of the local faunas. Here, we describe the following new taxafrom the classical locality of Cabeza Blanca: Octodontoidea Acaremyidae Galileomys baios n. sp., Octodontoidea incertaesedis Ethelomys loomisi n. gen., n. comb., Acarechimys leucotheae n. sp., Protacaremys? adilos n. sp., Chinchilloideaincertae sedis Loncolicu tretos n. gen., n. sp., Incamys menniorum n. sp., Caviomorpha incertae sedis Llitun notuca n. gen.,n. sp., Leucokephalos zeffiae n. gen., n. sp. and Cephalomyidae Cephalomys ceciae n. sp. The DP4 of an ?eocardiid?,Asteromys punctus? is described for the first time. These new taxa allow us to reinterpret the relationships of some of thepreviously known Deseadan species and genera. They show a great early diversification at least for extra Andean Patagonia,involving at least three of the main caviomorph lineages: octodontoids, chinchilloids and cavioids